Space Coast

Starlink 12-12 in flight
Falcon 9 / Starlink 12-12 in flight over Florida today.
Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT
Falcon 9 / Starlink 12-12 in flight over Florida today.
Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT

SpaceX launched another set of Starlink satellites to low-Earth orbit today from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station’s Space Launch Complex 40 aboard a Falcon 9. Liftoff was at 2:11 PM ET (1911 UTC) after several pushbacks in the window, presumably due to windy weather.

Today’s launch was the 997th orbital launch from Cape Canaveral.

Visitors watch the launch from Scobie Park in Downtown Titusville as SpaceX launches Starlink 12-12 into orbit from SLC-40 at 2:11pm after a delay from this morning’s scheduled launch time.
Photo: Michael Lynch, Talk of Titusville

The flight was nominal, and Booster B1067, the most experienced booster in SpaceX’s fleet, completed its 25th successful mission when it touched down offshore near The Bahamas on ASDS ‘Just Read The Instructions.’

Around 8.2 minutes after liftoff, Booster B1077 successfully completed its 17th mission when it touched down offshore on ASDS ‘Just Read The Instructions’, which was positioned offshore near The Bahamas. Previously, B1067 launched previously CRS-22, CRS-25, Crew-3, Crew-4, TelkomSat-113BT, Turksat-5B, Koreasat-6A, Eutelsat HOTBIRD-F2, Galileo L13, mPOWER-A, PSN MFS, and 13 Starlink missions.

JRTI will now return to Port Canaveral, where the booster will be offloaded and returned to SpaceX’s Hangar X facility at Kennedy Space Center for inspection and any needed refurbishment prior to its next flight.

At 8:11 into flight, Falcon 9’s second stage and the Starlink payload achieved their initial elliptical orbit.

Launch Replay

Payload

24 Starlink Mini v2 satellites, which will join Group 6 of Starlink’s orbital Internet connectivity constellation. Currently, there are over 6,900 Starlink satellites in orbit, according to Dr. Jonathon McDowell of the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

Starlink Mini v2 satellites being deployed. This photo was provided by SpaceX last year and was not from today’s mission.
Photo: SpaceX

Next Launch

If — and it is a big if — seas calm down offshore in the Atlantic, Blue Origin will attempt the maiden voyage of its New Glenn rocket.

  • Date: NET January 13, 2025
  • Organization: Blue Origin
  • Mission: NG-1
  • Rocket: New Glenn
  • Launch Site: LC-36, Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
  • Launch Window: 01:00 – 04:00 EST (0600-0900 UTC)
  • Payload: Blue Ring Pathfinder
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New Glenn during its Integrated Static Fire earlier this month.
Photo: Blue Origin

Everything appears to be ready at the launch pad for the maiden launch of Blue Origin’s New Glenn rocket, but weather offshore has forced at least a two-day delay in the company’s first launch attempt of the 320-foot tall rocket.

Sunday’s Forecast

ECWMF model forecast for 1am Sunday morning.

The ECWMF forecast model is calling for 12-foot seas overnight tonight, as Blue Origin indicates in their post on X. On Sunday morning, things aren’t predicted to improve much, with 12-14 foot seas in the general vicinity of Blue Origin’s recovery vessel, Jacklyn and its support ship, Harvey Stone.

Position of Jacklyn and Harvey Stone on January 9, 2024

The now-deleted LME from the 45th Weather Squadron corroborates what the commercial forecast models are saying. The 48 hour forecast — for Sunday morning — is also calling for high seas:

Via 45th Weather Squadron of Space Launch Delta 45
Retrieved 01/09/2025 07:00 am EST

For their part, the 45th will release a new LME forecast prior to Sunday’s attempt.

With those forecasts in mind, do not be surprised if Blue Origin is forced to shift New Glenn’s launch date to the right sometime over the weekend. On the other hand, it’s the weather, and it’s the ocean, two things that are well known to defy forecasts.

Stay tuned.

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Starlink 6-71 ascending towards orbit on January 6, 2024
Photo: Ed Cordero / Florida Media Now

SpaceX launched another set of Starlink satellites to low-Earth orbit today from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station’s Space Launch Complex 40 aboard a Falcon 9. Liftoff was at 3:43 PM ET (2043 UTC) after several pushbacks in the window, presumably due to windy weather from an approaching cold front expected to arrive this evening on the Space Coast.

Around 8.2 minutes after liftoff, Booster B1077 successfully completed its 17th mission when it touched down offshore on ASDS ‘Just Read The Instructions’, which was positioned offshore near The Bahamas. Previously, previously launched Crew-5, CRS-28, Intelsat G-37, Optus-X, Immarsat I6-F2, GPS III-6, NG-20, and nine Starlink missions. 

JRTI will now return to Port Canaveral, where the booster will be offloaded and returned to SpaceX’s Hangar X facility for inspection and any needed refurbishment prior to its next flight.

Spectators watch the liftoff of Falcon 9 from Titusville.
Photo: Michael Lynch / Talk of Titusville

At 8:39 into flight, Falcon 9’s second stage and the Starlink payload achieved their initial elliptical orbit, which was rounded by a short second burn at the 54:03 mark of the mission. Payload deployment was one hour, five minutes and twelve seconds after liftoff, marking a successful end to SpaceX’s second mission in 2025 from the Eastern Range.

Payload

24 Starlink Mini v2 satellites, which will join Group 6 of Starlink’s orbital Internet connectivity constellation. Currently, there are over 6,900 Starlink satellites in orbit, according to Dr. Jonathon McDowell of the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

Starlink Mini v2 satellites being deployed. This photo was provided by SpaceX last year and was not from today’s mission.
Photo: SpaceX

Launch Replay

Next Launch

SpaceX plans to launch Starlink 12-11 from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center.

  • Date: NET January 8, 2025
  • Organization: SpaceX
  • Mission: Starlink 12-11
  • Rocket: Falcon 9
  • Launch Site: LC-39A, Kennedy Space Center
  • Launch Window: 10:24 AM – 2:55 PM EST
  • Payload: Starlink satellites for SpaceX’s ISP constellation.
Read more

Trusted Travel Program Suspended
via US Space Force

The US Space Force announced today that it has suspended their “Trusted Traveler” program at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and Patrick Space Force Base, both in Brevard County.

The Trusted Traveler program allows valid DoD ID card holders to enter a military base without the requirement for occupants of the same vehicle to present identification. There are other uses, like food delivery services, that have also benefitted from the now suspended program.

The Trusted Traveler program does not apply to restricted areas, airfields, heliports, or obviously, launch pads.

At this time, it is unknown how this will affect public access to the Cape Canaveral Space Force Museum’s exhibits at Launch Complex 26 and Hangar C, both of which are inside the security perimeter for CCSFS.

Space Launch Delta 45 Statement

“The Trusted Traveler program has been suspended at Patrick SFB and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station until further notice. Any individuals WITHOUT a DoD-approved access credential (e.g. CAC, dependent ID, retiree ID) will be required to obtain a visitor pass, even when traveling with a DoD ID card holder. The Visitors Control Center is not manned on the weekends, so passes will only be processed at the East Gate.

-Members in housing who currently have family members visiting will be required to get visitor passes and all new visitors will require passes.

-Golfers with an annual base pass can no longer bring or sponsor additional visitors.

-Food delivery drivers who do not have base access will no longer be authorized on base. All food deliveries will be picked up at the East Gate.

-Event Bright tickets for launches will be terminated.

Although there are currently no known threats to the installations, we are taking this step to ensure the safety and security of our personnel, residents, and visitors. We encourage everyone accessing the base to be prepared for additional screening protocols. For more information and to learn how to obtain a visitor pass, please visit:

https://www.patrick.spaceforce.mil/Resources/Visitors-Control-Center/

Following the link to the Visitor Control Center page, some insight as to the reasoning of the DoD decision (this also affects other bases and other service branches) may be found:

As of Jan. 3, 2025, Patrick Space Force Base and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station will implement new base access security enhancements, and the Trusted Traveler Program will be suspended until further notice.  All visitors will be required to obtain a base pass, even when traveling with a military ID card holder. This decision was made to ensure the safety and security of the personnel, residents, and visitors.

Given the terror attacks in New Orleans and Las Vegas in recent days, the decision seems to be a prudent one for the time being. For official information, follow the link above or consult your command structure if you are a service member.

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SpaceX Falcon 9 launching BlueBird 1-5 on September 12, 2024. Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT
SpaceX Falcon 9 launching BlueBird 1-5 on September 12, 2024. Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT

2025 is here, and it won’t take long for the Eastern Range to open its new year for the facility: SpaceX plans to launch the Thuraya 4-NGS satellite for UAE based Yahsat on Friday evening, while preparations for Blue Origin to the fly New Glenn on its maiden launch continue apace, with a target date of early Monday morning.

Quick Glance At The Year To Come

There were 93 launches from KSC and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in 2024, with the bulk of those launches being SpaceX / Falcon 9 missions. In 2025, Elon Musk said “Probably [greater than] 180 Falcon launches in 2025” and the bulk of those will be from here on the Space Coast.

United Launch Alliance CEO Tory Bruno said ULA has 20 missions on its 2025 manifest. Payload readiness will be the apparent limiting limiting factor, according to Bruno, and like Falcon 9, the bulk of those missions will launch from the company’s Eastern Range launch pad at Space Launch Complex 41.

Blue Origin will also add to the launch count, with several New Glenn missions slated to lift off from LC-36 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. The current target for the year has not been stated by the company, and much depends on the success of the first flew flights of the new rocket.

All in all, it is fair to say that like 2024, the record for the number of launches from Florida will be broken come year’s end.

SpaceX

SpaceX has two launches on the schedule for this weekend.

  • Thuraya 4-NGS – Friday 3 January – 08:27 PM – 12:53 AM EST
  • Starlink 6-71 – Sunday 5 January – 12:10PM – 4:41 PM EST

Thuraya 4

A SpaceX Falcon 9 lifts off carrying the GSAT-20 mission on November 18, 2024 Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT
A SpaceX Falcon 9 lifts off carrying the GSAT-20 mission on November 18, 2024 Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT

Thuraya 4-NGS is a communication satellite built by Airbus UAE-based Al Yah Satellite Communications Company P.J.S.C. (Yahsat). It is built on the all-electric Airbus Eurostar-Neo Platform and will incorporate a large 12-meter L-band antenna and a payload capable of processing providing 3200 channels over a large number of spot beams.

Thuraya is the mobile satellite services subsidiary of the UAE-based Al Yah Satellite Communications Company P.J.S.C. (Yahsat), a public company and subsidiary of Mubadala Investment Company. Established in 1997, Thuraya is the UAE’s first home-grown satellite operator.

Formed in 2008 and publicly traded on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange, Yahsat serves customers in 150 countries across Europe, the Middle East, Africa, South America, Asia and Australia. They offer voice, data, video and internet services for broadcast, Internet, and VSAT users for both private and government organizations.

Thuraya 4 rendering, released by Yahsat.

Thuraya 4 will be aboard Falcon 9 and launch from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.

Via Space Launch Delta 45 of the US Air Force on 1/1/2025

Starlink 6-71

SpaceX plans to add to its ever-growing Starlink constellation with the Starlink 6-71 mission. There are around 6,800 Starlink satellites in orbit currently, with several thousand more planned. The mission will carry another batch of 20-23 Starlink Mini V2 units to join the company’s Group 6 band of satellites.

Starlink launching in 2023 from SLC-40 in Cape Canaveral.
Starlink launching in 2023 from SLC-40 in Cape Canaveral. Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

Falcon 9 will be again be the workhorse for this mission, also planned to launch from SLC-40 on Sunday afternoon, with the window opening at 12:10 PM EST.

Neither launch has been officially announced by SpaceX, so stay tuned.

Blue Origin

After completing its integrated vehicle hotfire test and wet dress rehearsal successfully, Blue Origin appears to be planning to launch New Glenn from Launch Complex 36 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in the wee hours of Monday morning with the launch window opening at 01:00 AM EST on January 6th.

New Glenn during successful integrated vehicle hotfire.
Photo: Blue Origin

Following the hotfire, Blue Origin’s prime investor and driving force, Jeff Bezos said succinctly, “Next stop launch.”

This will be the first flight of the 320-foot tall rocket for the company. Aboard will be test components for Blue Ring.

Despite the late (or early?) hour that Blue Origin plans to launch New Glenn, this is likely one of the launches of the year from the Eastern Range. That’s because New Glenn is large, and mighty with 3.8 million pounds of thrust coming from seven Blue Origin BE-4 engines. This promises to be a loud rocket, and one well worth watching.

The launch window extends from 01:00 AM EST (0600Z) to 04:45 AM (1045Z) the same day.

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SpaceX Falcon 9 lifted off at the stroke of midnight December 29th. Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

After two previous delays, including an abort-at-ignition and a booster swap, SpaceX launched the ‘From One To Many’ payload for Astranis tonight from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral aboard Falcon 9. Liftoff was at 12:00 AM EST (05:00 UTC) under broken skies on the Space Coast.

SpaceX Falcon 9 lifted off at the stroke of midnight December 29th.
SpaceX Falcon 9 lifted off at the stroke of midnight December 29th. It was carrying the Astranis ‘From One To Many’ payload to orbit.
Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

Around 8.5 minutes later, Falcon 9 Booster B1083 completed its seventh mission successfully when it touched down on ASDS ‘A Shortfall Of Gravitas’ stationed downrange in the Atlantic Ocean. ASOG and B1083 will now return to Port Canaveral, where the booster will be offloaded and returned to SpaceX’s Hangar X at Kennedy Space Center for inspection and preparation for its eighth flight.

At 3:02 AM EST, Astranis CEO said, “Great news– we have acquired and established command authority over all four spacecraft.”


Falcon 9 venting late in the countdown before its launch on January 29, 2024
Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville
Falcon 9 venting late in the countdown before its launch on January 29, 2024
Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

Payload

Four Astranis MicroGEO Block 2 communications satellite were delivered to a geosynchronous transfer orbit. Once they have been deployed, they will travel to their final orbital locations under their own power.

Launch Replay

Next Launch

SpaceX is planning to launch Starlink 12-6 from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center NET Monday, December 30, 2024. The launch window opens at 12:00 AM EST (0500 UTC) and closes at 3:28 AM the same day.

  • Date: NET December 30, 2024
  • Organization: SpaceX
  • Mission: Starlink 12-6
  • Rocket: Falcon 9
  • Launch Site: LC-39A, Kennedy Space Center
  • Launch Window: 12:00 – 03:28 AM EST
  • Payload: Starlink satellites for SpaceX’s ISP constellation.
A timelapse of the flight path of Falcon 9 / Astranis From One To Many on December 29, 2024
A timelapse of the flight path of Falcon 9 / Astranis From One To Many on December 29, 2024
Photo: Charles Boyer / ToT
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Blue Origin New Glenn on the launch mount at LC-36. Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville.
Blue Origin New Glenn on the launch mount at LC-36. Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville.

Blue Origin had a very good day on Friday: they completed their first-ever integrated static fire of New Glenn, after having received a five-year license for New Glenn launch and recovery operations for Cape Canaveral.m

Launch License

An FAA launch license was perhaps the last major regulatory milestone for Blue Origin in its launch campaign for the New Glenn maiden launch. Late Friday afternoon, the FAA announced that it had granted the company the necessary legal clearance to fly the vehicle:

“The FAA is committed to enabling the success of the U.S. commercial space transportation industry without compromising public safety,” said the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation Kelvin B. Coleman. “By working closely with Blue Origin, the FAA issued this new launch license well in advance of the statutory deadline for the historic maiden flight of New Glenn.”

Under the license, Blue Origin can conduct orbital missions from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida with the New Glenn first stage landing on a barge in the Atlantic Ocean. It is valid for five years.

Blue Completes First Static Fire Of New Glenn

In recent weeks, New Glenn has mostly been vertical at Launch Complex 36 as Blue Origin ran tests, honed procedures and rehearsed the terminal countdown of the rocket before its first flight. Those tests culminated Friday when launch controllers went all the way down to T-0 and briefly ignited New Glenn’s seven BE-4 main engines all together for the first time.

New Glenn during its integrated static fire
Photo: Blue Origin

Blue Origin stated in a press release that the data obtained during testing will be utilized to finalize day-of-launch timelines, confirm expected performance, and correlate models to real-world test data.

“This is a monumental milestone and a glimpse of what’s just around the corner for New Glenn’s first launch,” said Jarrett Jones, SVP, New Glenn. “Today’s success proves that our rigorous approach to testing–combined with our incredible tooling and design engineering–is working as intended.” 

The tanking test included a full run-through of the terminal count sequence, testing the hand-off authority to and from the flight computer, and collecting fluid validation data. The first stage (GS1) tanks were filled and pressed with liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquid oxygen (LOX), and the second stage (GS2) with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen–both to representative NG-1 set points. 

The formal NG-1 Wet Dress Rehearsal demonstrated the final launch procedures leading into the hotfire engine run. All seven engines performed nominally, firing for 24 seconds, including at 100% thrust for 13 seconds. The test also demonstrated New Glenn’s autogenous pressurization system, which self-generates gases to pressurize GS1’s propellant tanks. 

Blue Origin, September 27, 2024

According to Blue Origin, “The campaign met all objectives and marks the final major test prior to launch.”

New Glenn is now expected to launch on January 6, 2025.

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SpaceX launched two satellites for Luxembourgish satellite company SES today aboard a Falcon 9. Liftoff was at 5:26 PM EST (22:26 UTC) from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida and into unsettled skies with storms lingering in the Space Coast region.


Falcon 9 illuminated the cloud bottoms as it rose towards space today.
Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville
Falcon 9 illuminated the cloud bottoms as it rose towards space today.
Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

SpaceX chose to delay a liftoff attempt until the end of the launch window that opened at 3:59 PM EST and closed again at 5:26 PM, probably because of showers, potential lightning and/or cumulus clouds in the area.

Storms were rolling in from the southeast bringing rain, wind and some thunder

Around 8.5 minutes after liftoff, Booster B1090 earned its first soot when it completed its first mission successfully by touching down safely offshore on ASDS ‘Just Read The Instructions’ offshore in the Atlantic. JRTI and B1090 will return to Port Canaveral, where B1090 will be offloaded and returned to Hangar X for preparation for its next flight.

Booster B1090 made a successful debut today. Note the lack of soot, that is deposited during return to land operations.
Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

Payload

O3b mPower 7 & 8 are two telecommunications satellites in a planned constellation of eleven when completed. The pair were built by Boeing, and are operated by SES, a company headquarted in Luxembourg.

According to SES, “O3b mPOWER is SES’s second-generation medium earth orbit (MEO) system located 8,000km above Earth. To date, SES has launched six out of 13 O3b mPOWER high-throughput and low-latency satellites and has built an extensive ground infrastructure around the world. The system started providing global connectivity services in April 2024.”

SES rendering of a O3b mPOWER satellite in orbit.
Graphic: SES

Launch Replay

Next Launch

  • Date: NET December 20, 2024
  • Organization: SpaceX
  • Mission: 4x Astranis MicroGEO
  • Rocket: Falcon 9
  • Launch Site: SLC-40, Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
  • Launch Window: 10:39 PM – 2:58 AM EST
  • Payload: Telecommunications satellites
Read more

SpaceX launched an undisclosed payload for the US Space Force tonight from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral aboard Falcon 9. Liftoff was at 7:52 EST (00:52 UTC) under heavy skies on the Space Coast.

Falcon 9 RRTS-1 Liftoff, as seen on the SpaceX livestream.

Around 8.5 minutes later, Falcon 9 Booster B1085 completed its fourth mission successfully when it touched down on ASDS ‘A Shortfall Of Gravitas’ stationed off of the coast of the Carolinas. ASOG and B1085 will now return to Port Canaveral, where the booster will be offloaded and returned to SpaceX’s Hangar X at Kennedy Space Center for inspection and preparation for its fifth flight.

Payload

Good question. Those who know aren’t saying, but evidence points towards a GPS satellite according to a number of sources who closely analyzed the publicly available information of the flight path for this launch and then compared that to other missions.

See: Spaceflight Now RRT-1 mission coverage

Others were more specific, saying it is the GPS-IIIA satellite. If so, that would mean that the first of the third-generation GPS satellites has been launched.

Launch Replay

Next Launch

SpaceX is planning to launch the O3b mPower 7 & 8 mission from Launch Complex 39A at Kennedy Space Center NET Tuesday, December 17, 2024. The launch window opens at 3:59 PM EST and closes at 5:26 PM the same day.

Weather is a major watch item for this flight, with a 45% Probability of Violation at any point in the launch window, according to the December 16 launch forecast issued by the US Space Force’s 45th Weather Squadron.

  • Date: NET December 17, 2024
  • Organization: SpaceX
  • Mission: O3b mPower 7 & 8
  • Rocket: Falcon 9
  • Launch Site: LC-39A, Kennedy Space Center
  • Launch Window: 3:59 – 5:26 PM EST
  • Payload: Officially undisclosed
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Starship Heavy lifts off from Boca Chica, Texas to start the IFT-6 mission. Photo: Richard Gallagher, FMN

Rockets make a lot of noise when they launch. That’s a given fact, and part of life for Space Coast residents.

There is a rocket launch from the Cape every few days, and depending how close one is the launch pad, the sound is like distant thunder that fades away after a minute or two, or, for some who live much closer to the launch site, the initial noise of a launch is much more thunderous. Some claim that those launch sounds are intense enough to cause damage to their property.

Falcon 9 flying to space on September 29, 2024.
Falcon 9 flying to space on September 29, 2024. Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

Depending on the launch trajectory and weather conditions, a SpaceX Falcon 9’s rumble on liftoff can be heard as far away as Melbourne, some 33 miles from Space Launch Complex 40 in Cape Canaveral. Other towns closer to the launch pad will also hear the sound, of course, and at varying levels. When that same booster returns to land at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station’s Landing Zone 1, the sonic boom is even louder in many areas, with some saying that in Rockledge the sonic boom is louder than what one might experience in Titusville.

New Study

That in mind, Space Coast residents may find results from a new study released in November in the Journal of the Acoustic Society of America interesting: in it, the authors measured ambient sounds in several different locations surrounding a Starship Heavy launch in Boca Chica, and they found that the sound pressure from the huge new rocket to be a great deal louder than current rockets, such as a Falcon 9:

Starship launch noise to Space Launch System and Falcon 9 shows that Starship is substantially louder; the far-field noise produced during a Starship launch is at least ten times that of Falcon 9.

Starship super heavy acoustics: Far-field noise measurements during launch and the first-ever booster catch, Gee, et. al, Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, November 15, 2024
Measurement locations near the Starship launch were shown in the paper. Measurements were taken as far as 22 miles away.
Graphic: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

The study found that:

From OSHA Technical Manual (OTM)
Section III: Chapter 5
  • The town of Port Isabel (∼10 km/6.2 mi) saw a maximum of ∼105 dB SPL.
  • The town of Laguna Vista (∼20 km/12.4 mi) sees a maximum of ~90 dB SPL.
  • At 10km (6.2 miles) and 20 km (12.4 miles), the booster flyback boom results in a [SPL] of about 125 and 110 dB SPL, respectively.

110 dB SPL is roughly that of being in a room with a trombone.

What About Starship Compared to SLS?

Also in the paper, a comparison of Starship and SLS noise impacts was made. The result?

“Although it is difficult to identify trends across metric, vehicle, and distance, the most important conclusion […] is that a Starship launch represents a substantially greater noise source than SLS and Falcon 9. A look across the four metrics and two distances for SLS relative to Starship suggests that a Starship launch is the equivalent of 4–6 SLS launches in terms of noise impact, despite SLS producing more than half of Starship’s thrust. “

Starship super heavy acoustics: Far-field noise measurements during launch and the first-ever booster catch, Gee, et. al, Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, November 15, 2024

That’s a lot of noise.

We’ve Heard This Before: Saturn V Made A Lot of Noise In Its Day

Probably the loudest rocket ever launched on the Space Coast was the Saturn V. The huge moon rocket was known to physically shake buildings and the ground within five miles or so from the launch pad, and one of the first things old-timers mention when they talk about a Saturn V it how loud it was. The published measurements from the time back that up as well.

Contemporary news reports the day after Apollo 4 talked about the sound level of the rocket
Miami Herald, November 10, 1967

The 194-200 dB SPL of noise of a launching Saturn V at the pad would kill someone within a certain distance — a distance often cited as one mile, though some Apollo veterans have said 1000 yards, or about a kilometer. The reason why? The mechanical effects of the sound pressure would be intense enough to liquify that person’s organs.

Keep in mind that’s at the launch pad and everyone but astronauts were kept a safe distance away. As for the astronauts, the design of the launch pad helped deflect the sound, sound suppression systems dampened it a bit and finally, they were well insulated from the outside environment.

Shock waves of a Saturn V were clearly visible during the launch of Apollo 17 in 1972. Video: NASA

For buildings farther from the launch pad during a Saturn V launch, shakes and rattles were quite common, something Walter Cronkite dramatically described in the launch of Apollo 4 in 1967, from the CBS press box some 3.6 miles from the launch:

No water-deluge sound suppression was used for the Apollo 4 launch, and all other subsequent Saturn V launches employed that technique to reduce the noise at the launchpad and beyond.

Instead, Apollo 4 could be used as a gauge of the top end extreme sounds heard from launches on the Space Coast. Today, all rocket launches from the Cape have some form of sound suppression. Starship will be the same.

The Saturn V generated a sound level of 91 decibels from a distance of 9384 meters (6.2 miles) from the launch pad, according to NASA. From 12.4 miles — the distance from Pad LC-39A to the western end of the Max Brewer Bridge in Titusville, a sound level of 85 decibels was heard. At Lori Wilson Park (19 miles) around 80 decibels.

Those launches were indeed loud, but not dangerously so, and residents of the time collectively shrugged it off as part of living close to the Cape.

Cape Studies Are Underway

Sound studies and projections are part of the Environmental Impact Study underway for Starship at LC-39A at Kennedy Space Center as well as another EIS for SLC-37 or a new SLC-50 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. Local residents should pay close attention to them, as this will be the first and most immediate effect of a Starship Heavy launch from the Eastern Range.

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