Vulcan rocket

Tory Bruno at Cape Canaveral. Photo: United Launch Alliance

One of the good guys in spaceflight, Tory Bruno, has resigned his post as Chief Executive Officer at United Launch Alliance. Bruno, 64, is leaving to pursue an unnamed opportunity at another company — which also was not named.

Bruno’s Leadership At United Launch Alliance

In his nearly twelve-year tenure, Bruno guided ULA through a sea change in the space industry: first and foremost, ULA lost its near-monopoly in launch services thanks to the rise of SpaceX. Secondly, it was essentially forced to retire its Atlas V rocket due to its Russian-built RD-180 engines on the booster.

Starting in 2024, ULA designed and built the Vulcan heavy-lift booster, with Bruno making the key decision to use Blue Origin’s BE-4 engine. At the time, that decision was a bit controversial: Blue Origin was an unproven company, the BE-4 was in mid-development, unqualified, and not yet in production or sold commercially. ULA and Bruno stuck to their guns, and Vulcan first launched in 2024, becoming the first company to achieve orbit with Methalox rocket engines in so doing.

Vulcan CERT-2
Vulcan CERT-2 lifts off on October 4, 2024
Photo: Charles Boyer

The second launch of Vulcan slowed any momentum the company had. While CERT-2 was a successful mission, one of its GEM-64XL solid rocket boosters experienced an anomaly, resulting in the loss of its nozzle. The ascent continued despite this problem, with the booster burning longer than planned to compensate for the loss of thrust from the defective SRB.

After an investigation and subsequent certification of Vulcan by the US Space Force, ULA launched its first commercial mission aboard the new vehicle in August, which flew straight and true on its way to delivering the USSF-106 payload to orbit.

Bruno also lead the company through the crew-rating process of Atlas V, culminating with the launch of the Boeing Starliner Crewed Flight Test mission that launch in June, 2024. It was the first time that ULA had launched crew.

Tory Bruno — Positions in the Space Industry
Category Position / Title Organization
Launch industry President & Chief Executive Officer (Aug. 2014 – Dec. 22, 2025) United Launch Alliance (ULA)
Defense/space programs Vice President & General Manager, Strategic and Missile Defense Systems Lockheed Martin
Defense/space programs Vice President & General Manager, Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) and Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) Programs Lockheed Martin
Defense/space programs Vice President, THAAD Missile Lockheed Martin
Engineering leadership Vice President, Engineering Lockheed Martin
Engineering leadership Chief Engineer, Strategic Missile Programs Lockheed Martin
Propulsion Program Manager, FBM Rocket Propulsion Lockheed Martin
Engineering Engineering roles (control systems for rockets and hypersonic reentry vehicles) Lockheed Martin
Corporate governance Board Member (former) Lockheed Martin U.K. Ltd.
Space policy / advisory Member, National Space Council Users’ Advisory Group National Space Council
Space policy / advisory Member, Defense Innovation Board Space Advisory Committee U.S. Department of Defense
Note: Roles reflect publicly listed bios; many Lockheed Martin positions are commonly cited without consistent start/end dates across sources.
As of: [auto] (America/Chicago)

Bruno And Social Media

Tory Bruno has also been a semi-prolific poster on social media, giving updates during countdowns, reposting photos and videos and interacting with the space aficionado community, probably to his own vexation.

Bruno’s commentary will be missed, and personally, this writer hopes Tory continues posting on X and other platforms. Wherever his next destination is, he will surely have worthwhile opinions and updates on his horses.

Next For United Launch Alliance

ULA COO John Elbon was named as the Interim CEO in a press release issued today. John Elbon is the chief operating officer for United Launch Alliance (ULA). Before his new role, Elbon was responsible for the operations of the Atlas, Delta, and Vulcan Centaur launch vehicle programs, including design, engineering, integration, production, quality assurance, and program management.

Before joining ULA, Elbon held the role of vice president and program manager for Boeing’s Commercial Programs. There, he oversaw Boeing’s work on NASA’s Commercial Crew Space Act Agreements, including leadership of the first two phases of the Commercial Crew Development program.

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United Launch Alliance's CERT-2 rocket on its way to the launch mount at Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral on September 30, 2024.
Photo: United Launch Alliance
United Launch Alliance’s CERT-2 rocket on its way to the launch mount at Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral on September 30, 2024.
Photo: United Launch Alliance

United Launch Alliance has moved its second Vulcan Rocket from their Vertical Integration Facility at Space Launch Complex 41 to the launch mount. Final preparations can now begin for a launch scheduled for NET (not earlier than) Friday morning. Launch time is unofficially expected to be between 06:00 AM – 009:00 AM EDT, but ULA has not yet announced an official time for T-0.

Test Mission

This mission, dubbed “CERT-2” will not carry a customer payload. Originally slated to launch Sierra’s Dream Chaser on its maiden voyage to the International Space Station, ULA and Sierra agreed to remove the payload because Sierra would not have Dream Chaser flight-ready this fall. Instead, ULA will fly an inert “dummy” to simulate a payload with the goal being to further prove out the Vulcan system and also to achieve certification from the Department of Defense for Vulcan to launch national defense payloads.

United Launch Alliance's Vulcan CERT-1 lifting off on January 8, 2024.
United Launch Alliance’s Vulcan CERT-1 lifting off on January 8, 2024. Photo: Charles Boyer / Talk of Titusville

In its first launch, Vulcan performed admirably, launching Astrobiotics Peregrine lunar lander to its target orbit, with the lander then traveling to cislunar space.

Vulcan is the first rocket designed wholly by United Launch Alliance. The Delta and Atlas family of rockets were legacy designs created by Boeing and Lockheed Martin respectively prior to the founding of the company in 2006. ULA is a joint venture between the two aerospace giants, and has successfully launched more than 157 missions since its inception.

According to the company, “This second Certification (Cert-2) launch will demonstrate Vulcan’s high-energy rocket architecture by achieving an Earth-escape trajectory and placing the Centaur V with an inert, non-deployable payload into deep space where it will orbit the sun for the rest of time. Cert-2 follows Vulcan’s successful inaugural launch on Jan. 8, 2024.”

Vulcan CERT-2 will be externally identical to the CERT-1 vehicle: along with the methane-oxygen fueled first stage powered by two Blue Origin BE-4 engines (the same engine Blue Origin will use with New Glenn) the first stage will also have two GEM solid-rocket boosters attached to give it additional lifting power. Together, the methane-fueled main engines and SRBs will provide the 2 million pounds (8.9 kilo-Newtons) of thrust generated at liftoff to power Vulcan off the launch pad.

Mark Peller, ULA’s senior vice president, Vulcan Development and Advanced Programs said in a press release that, “After the key objectives necessary for certification are completed, the mission will evaluate additional changes to the design of the upper stage and how it is operated over long coast periods to further increase its endurance.”

In other words, ULA plans to first meet the requirements of DoD certification, and afterwards, work on iterative improvements on the new vehicle.

The United Launch Alliance Vulcan rocket is transported from the Vertical Integration Facility-G (VIF-G) to Space Launch Complex-41 at Cape Canaveral, Florida, in preparation for the second certification mission (Cert-2). Photo credit: United Launch Alliance
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